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五經(wǔjīnɡ)

《詩》《書》《禮》《易》《春秋》等五部儒家經典的合稱。先秦時期有“六經”之說，指《詩》《書》《禮》《樂》《易》《春秋》，因《樂》已亡佚(一說無文字)，故漢代多稱“五經”。從漢武帝立“五經博士”起，“五經”之學成為中國學術、文化和思想的根本。從內容上來說，“五經”各有所偏重，如《詩》言志、《書》言事等，因其不同而互補，故構成一個整體。歷代儒者通過對文本的不斷解釋，為這些經典賦予了豐富的意義。“五經”之學包括了中國傳統文化對于世界秩序與價值的根本理解，是道的集中體現。

Five Classics

The term refers to the five Confucian classics: The Book of Songs, The Book of History, The Book of Rites, The Book of Changes, and The Spring and Autumn Annals. In the pre-Qin period, the term “Six Classics” was used, referring to The Book of Songs, The Book of History, The Book of Rites, The Book of Music, The Book of Changes, and The Spring and Autumn Annals. The Book of Music, did not exist in written form, hence people often used the term “Five Classics” during the Han Dynasty. After Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty established the title of “Academician of the Five Classics,” study of these works became the foundation of Chinese learning, culture, and thought. In terms of content, the Five Classics each has its own focus; for instance, The Book of Songs deals with aspirations, andThe Book of History chronicles events. Different in focus but complementing each other, they form an integral collection of classics. Throughout history, Confucian scholars added significant meaning to these classics with their interpretations of the original texts. The Five Classics comprise traditional Chinese culture’s fundamental understanding of world order and values, epitomizing the concept of Dao.

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【引例】

“五經”何謂?謂《易》《尚書》《詩》《禮》《春秋》也。(《白虎通義•五經》)

Which are the Five Classics? They are: The Book of Songs, The Book of History, The Book of Rites, The Book of Changes, and The Spring and Autumn Annals. (Debates of the White Tiger Hall)